Hydroquinone

Brightening

Also known as: HQ, Hydroquinol

The most potent tyrosinase inhibitor for treating hyperpigmentation. Considered the gold standard for dark spot treatment but restricted in many countries.

Benefits

Most effective dark spot treatment, treats melasma, fades post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation, evens skin tone dramatically.

How to Use

Use 2% (OTC) or 4% (prescription) for 3-6 months max, then take a break. Apply to dark spots only, not entire face. Evening use only with strict sun protection.

Technical Details

pH Range3.0-5.0

Typical Concentrations2%-4%

Research Summary

Gold standard for hyperpigmentation with strong evidence. Must be used cyclically (3-6 months on, then break) to avoid ochronosis. 2% OTC effective for many.

What to Avoid With

pregnancy
breastfeeding
sulfite allergy
dark skin types (risk of ochronosis with overuse)

Cautions

Can cause ochronosis (paradoxical darkening) with prolonged use. Irritating to sensitive skin. Banned or restricted in many countries. Requires strict sun protection.

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